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Reinforced concrete is produced when steel reinforcement bars ("rebars"),
plates or fibers are incorporated into concrete. Plain
Concrete itself is very weak in tension. Reinforcement gives extra
tensile strength to concrete. The advent of reinforced concrete
brought into existence a lot of high rise and cost-effective buildings
with reduced construction duration. Reinforced concrete can be classified as
(i) precast concrete and (ii) cast in-situ concrete.
Reinforced concrete can
be used for many types of structures and
components, including beams, slabs, walls,
columns, foundations and more.
Principles of Reinforced concrete
The principles and method for reinforced concrete are being
constantly revised as a result of theoretical and experimental
result.
Two philosophies of design have been established.
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Structural Analysis
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Concrete
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Analysis of Reinforced concrete Beams
There are two basic modes of failure of flexural reinforced
concrete section;
(i) Concrete controlled (brittle mode) also known as
over-reinforced: The stress in steel is less than the yield stress. In
this mode of failure a sudden collapse occurs.
(ii) Steel controlled (ductile mode) also known as under
reinforced: yielding takes place in steel i.e., The stress in steel
reaches the yield stress and the strain in steel is
≥ yield strain. The maximum compressive
strain in concrete is less than the failure strain.
Balanced condition is an
intermediate point between brittle and ductile failure modes. The
amount of reinforcement required for a balanced section is known as a
balanced reinforcement. The designer must select the amount of
reinforcement less than the balanced reinforcement in order to ensure
that brittle failure does not take place. |
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